Erasmus vs Luther; Discourse on Free

Erasmus vs Luther; Discourse on Free Will Essay The Erasmus-Luther Discourse on Free Will begins with the Diatribe concerning free will, written by Erasmus. Luther then refutes Erasmus Diatribe with The Bondage of the Will. The question being debated is whether man is in control of his own will, or whether everything is preordained by God, thus leaving man without free will. Their diverging philosophies have been interpreted as being the basic difference between Catholic and Protestant positions regarding free will. This debate offers two very conflicting views, although both philosophies were basic principles in their respective religions. Erasmus builds his argument without a solid foundation; like building a house without a foundation, it can easily crumble. Thus, Luther convincingly attacks Erasmus Diatribe. Erasmus holds that man is left with the choice of doing either good or evil. It is mans choice and therefore, free will exists. In the opinion of Erasmus, the freedom of the will in Holy Scriptures is as follows: if on the road to piety, one should continue eagerly to improve; if one has become involved in sin, one should make every effort to extricate oneself, and to solicit the mercy of the Lord. Two conclusions concerning Erasmus beliefs can be drawn from this statement; firstly that man can himself find repentance and secondly that God is infallible, meaning that a person engages in evil acts with his own will. The definition of free will given by Erasmus is the power of the human will whereby man can apply to or turn away from that which leads unto eternal salvation. While addressing the topic of Adam and Eve, Erasmus states, In man, will was so good and so free that even without additional grace it could have remained in a state of innocence, though not without help of grace could it attain the blessedness of eternal life, as the Lord Jesus promised his people. Erasmus, therefore, believes eternal salvation is attainable with the help and mercy of God, but Erasmus also believes that Adam and Eve caused man to have original sin. Erasmus goes on to write, In those without extraordinary grace the reason is darkened, but not extinguished. Probably the same occurs to the power of the will: it is not completely extinct but unproductive of virtuous deeds. In short Erasmus believed that man has free will and therefore is punished or rewarded according to the choices he makes. He backs his argument with many quotes from the scripture but so does Luther, thus the argument shifts, and the sense of scripture is the debate. Luther, who wrote The Bondage of the Will to refute what Erasmus had written in the Diatribe, disagrees; stating that man does not have freedom of the will. In the first few pages, Luther proclaims The Holy Scripture is no skeptic, and what He has written into our hearts are no doubts or opinions, but assertions more certain and more firm that all human experience in life itself. Furthermore, he goes on to say The essence of Christianity which you (Erasmus) describe is without Christ, without the Spirit, and chillier than ice Luther immediately implies that Erasmus has not been saved. Luther abhors those who claim to be self-reformers, once again contradicting Erasmus. You say: Who will reform his life? I answer: Nobody! No man can! God has no time for you self-reformers, for they are all hypocrites. The elect who fear God will be reformed by the Holy Spirit. Perhaps the quote that best exemplifies Luthers position is as follows: Thus the human will is like the beast of burden. If God rides it, it wills and goes whence God wills; as the Psalm says, I was a beast of burden before thee (Psalm 72:22) If Satan rides, it wills and goes where Satan wills. Nor may it choose to which rider it will run, nor which it will seek. But the riders themselves contend who shall have and hold it. This philosophy contends that both good and evil are worked by a higher being. Both authors in this work make reference to Judas and his betrayal of Christ. Both parties acknowledge the foreknowledge of God, but Luther proclaims that God willed it. Thus the Protestant faith grew on the principles of predestination and the absolute belief that the scriptures are to be interpreted literally. At no point does Luther ever stray from the central point of his refutation, proving Erasmus wrong by presenting the conclusive evidence needed. Erasmus, on the other hand, never really plants his feet in this argument. Erasmus covers his tracks by changing the terms of the debate throughout his work. For example, Erasmus fails to define the limits within which the reader should think that the will is being acted upon. One can not conclude that Erasmus does not fully believe what he states in his Diatribe, but he admittedly discloses I have always preferred playing the freer field of the muses, than fighting ironclad in close combat. Erasmus proclaims that their debate is in the sense of scripture, yet how can one who defends free will pigeonhole the interpretation of the reader? Luther is much more direct in laying out his arguments and criticizes Erasmus for stating a bare definition without explaining its parts. The debate has very much become a personal matter by the time Luthers discourse commences. There is no mutual agreement whatsoever, thus it is easy to see why the views of Catholics and Protestants were so divergent. Erasmus is clearly trying to convince his readers, most particularly Luther, that free will does indeed exist. Luther continues to stay his course and states that God wills all. Everything is preordained, evil included. Of the assertions, Luther simply states one must delight in assertions to be a Christian at all! While Erasmus seems leery to take a firm stance in his debate, he is changing the circumstances of the debate, which clearly is an attempt to prevent Luther from pinning him down in Luthers The Bondage of the Will. After thoroughly refuting everything Erasmus has stated, Luther proclaims that Erasmus has asserted nothing but made comparisons . Whether there be complete merit in either mans philosophy, Luther has quite convincingly made Erasmus position appear flawed.

Earnest Hemingway Essay -- essays research papers fc

Earnest Hemingway As one of the 20th century's most important and influential writers. His writings drew heavily on his own experiences for his writing. His writing reflected his trouble with relating to women and his tendency to treat them as objects, as he had four marriages and countless affairs, highlighting his theme of alienation and disconnection. Now here is why he is what he is by writing about what he was. Ernest Miller Hemingway was born on July 21, 1899, in Oak Park, Illinois, to Dr. Clarence Hemingway and Grace Hall Hemingway. Oak Park was a mainly Protestant, upper middle-class suburb of Chicago that Hemingway would later refer to as a â€Å"town of wide lawns and narrow minds" (Gerogiannis 188). The second among six children, Ernest spent the first two years of his life dressed as a girl by his mother. She called him â€Å"Ernestine† and fantasized that he was the twin of his older sister, as she dressed them both in matching dresses and gave them similar hairstyles (Rozkis 233) As he grew older, however, his father stepped in and insisted that Ernest be â€Å"raised like a man,† teaching Ernest how to behave and introducing him at a young age to hunting, fishing, and boxing, all activities in which he would stay interested for the rest of his life (Gerogiannis) It is perhaps this early start at questioning his manliness and his father’s attempts to drive any femininity out of him that instilled his characteristic obsession with proving his masculinity throughout his life. Schlusemeyer 2 Hemingway received his schooling in the Oak Park public school system. In high school he was mediocre at sports, joining the football, swimming, basketball, and water polo teams and serving as the track team manager (Nelson 5). He began his journalistic career writing for the school paper, the Trapeze, where he wrote his first articles and often humorous pieces in the style of Ring Lardner, a popular satirist of the time. After graduating in the spring of 1917, against the wishes of his parents, he forwent college and took a job as a cub reporter for the Kansas City Star. It is here that the seeds of his unmistakable staccato writing style were planted as he followed the rules of the Star’s stylebook exactly. â€Å"Use short sentences,† it said. â€Å"Use shor... ...Modified August, 1999. Viewed April 20, 2005. http://www.ernest.hemingway.com Ernest Hemingway in Oak Park, Illinois Last Modified 2004. Viewed April 21, 2005. http://www.ehfop.org Gerogiannis, Nicholas. "Ernest Hemingway." Dictionary of Literary Biography: American Authors in Paris. Vol. 4. Detroit: Gale, 1982. 187-211. Meyers, Jeffrey. Hemingway: A Biography. New York: Harper & Row, 1985. Nelson, Raymond S. Ernest Hemingway: Life, Work, and Criticism. Fredericton, N.B., Canada: York Press, 1984. Picturing Hemingway: A Writer in His Time Last Modified January, 1998. Viewed April 21, 2005. http://www.npg.si.edu/exh/hemingway/index.htm Rozkis, Laurie E. Macho, Macho Man: Ernest Hemingway. New York: Pearson Press, 1999. The Ernest Hemingway Home & Museum Last Modified 2002. Viewed April 20, 2005. http://www.hemingwayhome.com Timeless Hemingway. Last Modified January, 2005. Viewed April 20, 2005. http://www.timelesshemingway.com

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Fear is one aspects of human life that can make or break the life of a hero. Being a leader entails a lot in ones life and there are various things that come with leadership. In the ancient set up, leaders normally went to war and they had to come back home having fulfilled their mission. While away, they met or rather faced several challenges that made them either strong or fade away. Kingdoms were founded on the major aspects of how strong ones army was. Gilgamesh was a real person being one of the leaders of the proto-literate Uruk.The life and achievements of Gilgamesh illustrates the importance of striving for the best as well as the values of overcoming fear of death. Gilgamesh goes out to a mission and encounters major magic helpers then later comes home to his community with major benefits to the community. To be a hero takes a lot in the human life. A leader has to be very daring. He has to meet many things that are really challenging. If a leader is not strong enough, his o r her people will suffer to oblivion and thus the essence of heroism comes in.Gilgamesh in this epic is described as a great hero who was fearless and had to face a lot for his people (Sandars 21). He is described as one person who was really fearless and met the extremes of human experiences for the benefit of his lovely community. During his expedition, he experienced magnificence and at the same time went through a lot of human existence extremes. This is clearly elaborated in this sweet story of the ancient times. Gilgamesh was two-thirds god and this is one of the rare parentages of the ancient times. People like Achilles were the only caliber of people who had this kind of special parentage.Before his actualization of the heroism in him, Gilgamesh spends most of the time engaging in non-profitable things like taking away other people’s wives. He later reasons and learns that he ought to do a lot for his community that is beneficial. He goes out to fight and kill monster s so that the world can be restored (Sandars 77). Fear is one thing that can make a great people to be reduced to nothing. It takes a brave leader like Gilgamesh to stand out of the crowd and do something that will outlive them and live to the generations to come.The things that Gilgamesh has to go through in the woods while in his mission demand for a brave man. It would be useless for him to get to the woods if he were a coward. The woods were very thick and it would only take a brave man to pursue this great mission. We can compare this great hero with other heroes in the ancient times. Achilles was one such hero who chose a short life with glory than a long one with glory. It took one to in the ancient world to fight in the front line so that they could be termed great heroes.Achilles really made this realization for he accomplished his mission in the battle fields and he is in the top list of the ancient heroes. This was the kind of heroic codes that were highly revered to in t he ancient times. It is very clear how Gilgamesh is determined and not scared by the monsters even after he witnesses the death of his friend Enkindu. In spite of the many dangers in the woods, Gilgamesh goes beyond the normal limits to realize the immortality (Sandars 118). His divine parentage makes him the brave man he is and this makes him bring glory to the community he belonged .The above clearly tells us that fear is a great threat to human condition. When fear grips humans, there are many things that cannot be realized. Naturally, human condition is filled with fear and it takes only the brave to stand out of the crowd and do the most desirable. If Gilgamesh had been filled with fear, the great things he did for his community would not be realized. His community would never be recognized as great and his name would not be remembered at all. The text relates to real life in that we basically use literature and hidden meanings to express contagious issues; witchcraft, death an d spirits.Gilgamesh comes out as the character that is making the text meaningful, since he helps in developing the plots of the text; he appears most often in the text (Sandars 62). The ability to overcome fear of any form is the beginning of success to the human endeavors. It is with great courage that a person can conquer and make the people that come after him or her to enjoy the benefits of the great works accomplished. Gilgamesh’s extra-ordinary determination to achieve is a proof beyond doubt. Work Cited Sandars, N. K. The Epic of Gilgamesh: An English version with introduction. United Kingdom, Penguin Classics Publishers, 2003.

Analysis Of Doll s House As A Feminist Play - 985 Words

Doll’s House as a feminist Play Is A Doll s House a feminist play? Ibsen disputes the notion that his play is female-centered claiming that it was more of liberation, which is presented, in a more general, human sense. However, it takes reading the book to decide whether his assertions are true reflection of this. The emotional and psychological impact on the play to the readers can is that of sympathy for women in the story. The story’s major theme is the plight of the woman. The story further dwells on the disillusionment of a wife. The ending of the story is epitomized by actions of Nora (woman) when she leaves her husband and the children. Whatever the intentions of the author were, reading the story leads to one sympathizing with the women and the causes their take. It is therefore evident that â€Å"Doll’s House† is a feminist play. The book portrays the women as being limited by the expectation of his husband and the society in general. The woman is struggling to assert her position as seen in the case of Nora who everything possible for asserts her positon in the family. This portrays the struggles the women have to go through to be felt. Though she loves her children and her husband, she has to leave them at the end of play to prove herself. She wants to become herself and she is willing to do anything she can to achieve this. This is an indication of how women were prepared to sacrifice everything to become themselves. Though it feels irresponsible to leave theShow MoreRelatedA Doll House : A Play From Different Perspectives1557 Words   |  7 PagesSean Walsh Literary Perspectives Research Essay A Doll House: A Play from Different Perspectives When A Doll House was first produced Ibsen successfully shocked and angered many who went to go see it. However if you google A Doll House today you’ll find many article’s praising it for its feminist themes. When looking at reviews for A Doll House after its first production I find no mention of feminism but rather many called it untrue and one even called the third act â€Å"it’s Achilles heel†(AvisRead MoreCritical Analysis of a Doll House1250 Words   |  5 PagesA Critical Analysis of A Doll House By Henrik Ibsen Henrik Ibsen s background provided him the insight to write the play A Doll House. In Britannica Biographies, Ibsen s father lost his business and the family s financial stability when Ibsen was a young child. Because of the family s financial misfortunes, at the age of 15, Ibsen was forced to leave home and venture out on his own. He supported himself meagerly as an apothecary s apprentice and studied at night to prepare for universityRead MoreAnalysis Of Nora Helmer s A Doll s House 841 Words   |  4 PagesBrennan1 John.Brennan Lisa Wall English Composition II 29 March 2015 Knowing about Nora Helmer From the beginning of A Doll’s House play, Nora Helmer appears to a obedient wife. She doesn t seem to mind when her husband, Torvald, calls her his little squirrel, his little lark, and a featherhead, (1.5-1.16).And more than that, she seems to enjoy and even play into it. She shows also a generous behavior, by giving a good tip to the porter and buying a lot of Christmas presents. The love ofRead MoreAnalysis Of Henrik Ibsen s A Doll House 1823 Words   |  8 PagesA Doll House is a play that was written by Henrik Ibsen in 1879. Nora Helmer is a wife and mother who secretly loaned money to save her husband’s, Torvald, life. Torvald views and treats Nora has a doll and she goes along with it. As conflict comes and goes Nora decides that her current life is not what she wants for herself. She no longer wants to be anyone’s â€Å"doll† and decides to leave her family in search of independence. This play was controversial during the time it was writte n becauseRead MoreA Dolls House, Drama Analysis, Realism and Naturalism1235 Words   |  5 PagesA Dolls House, Drama Analysis, Realism and Naturalism Topic B: Character Nora Helmer frolics about in the first act, behaves desperately in the second, and gains a stark sense of reality during the finale of Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House. Ibsen was one of a few pioneers of the new theatrical movement of realism, and accordingly he is often called the father of modern drama. The character of Nora lives in a dream world, a childlike fantasy, where everything is perfect, and everything makes senseRead MoreHedda Gabler by Ibsen977 Words   |  4 PagesCritical Analysis of Ibsen#8217;s Hedda Gabler A spider becomes caught in it#8217;s own web. This is an example of an attempted manipulation that went awry. Hedda Gabler, by Henrik Ibsen, is a work about a woman who manipulates the fates of others in order to fulfill her own desires. The title character is a woman who has recently returned from a six month #8220;honeymoon#8221; with her groom, Tesman, a man whom she does not love. She yearns for freedom, but she feels as if she cannotRead MoreGender Stereotypes In The Media1207 Words   |  5 PagesBandura and Rotter (1977) suggest that gender roles are reached through watching models of the same sex. This can be seen through the Disney Princess movies. One example is in the movie Cinderella. Cinderella is a poor girl who works cleaning the house where she is not appreciated. Her problems seem to disappear when she falls in love with a rich and handsome prince. This shows how gender stereotypes can be learned and influence the child’s development of gender stereotype s. This movie gives youngRead MoreA Doll House by Henrik Ibsen7379 Words   |  30 PagesMa. Jennifer S. Yap Dr. Sherwin Perlas World Literature January 14, 2012 A Doll House by Henrik Ibsen Translated by Rolf Fjelde I. Introduction During the late nineteenth century, women were enslaved in their gender roles and certain restrictions were enforced on them by a male dominant culture. Every woman was raised believing that they had neither self-control nor self-government but that they must yield to the control of a stronger gender. John Stuart Mill wrote in his essay, â€Å"The SubjectionRead MoreGender Socialization : Gender And Gender1040 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"femininity and masculinity† as social constructs: set of ideas, myths, stereotypes, norms, and standards that affect the lives Willis2 of all women and men in a variety of ways. In recent years, there has been an increased recognition among both feminists and biologists that sex is fluid. There are so many biological and social determinants that contribute to an individual’s sex and sexual- ity that it is impossible to firmly classify people as completely female or male. Some biological determinantsRead MoreA Dolls House Feminism Essay1763 Words   |  8 PagesHowever, there were some that wrote about feminist issues without realizing it, such as Henrik Ibsen. In his play ‘A Doll’s House’ Henrik approaches the topic of marriage, gender roles within marriage, and whether a not a women becomes an extension of her husband once she is married; it brings about an interesting debate about women individuality in marriage. And by writing this, he caused a spark a debate that is still being held today. Henrik Ibsen’s ‘A Doll’s House’ effectively questions and shatters

Everyman - 1518 Words

NAME March 8, 2012 English 102 â€Å"Everyman† Research Paper Thesis Statement: â€Å"Everyman† is an English morality play that uses allegorical characters to depict what Everyman values throughout his life. Everyman has not been living a virtuous life focused on God and his kingdom but instead places a high value on â€Å"worldly riches† and goods. As the play progresses Everyman is summoned by Death and realizes he is not ready to die and doesn’t want to do it alone. He repents of his sins and looks for someone to accompany him on his journey to give an account of his life to God. He quickly realizes that the things he held dear to his heart during his earthly walk will fade and abandon him; he must die alone and his Good Deeds are†¦show more content†¦Everyman confesses his sins to Confession. Goods also reminds everyman that the love of goods and possessions is the opposite of the love of God and of the divine. Following the process of confession and penance, Good Deeds is now strong enough to join Everyman. Knowledge tells E veryman to call on the last of his friends Discretion, Strength, and Everyman’s five Wits and Beauty. As soon as Everyman approaches the grave his last four friends’ desert him, even Knowledge cannot go into the grave with Everyman. Good Deeds is the only one that goes with Everyman to heaven. An Angel then welcomes Everyman into heaven. Doctor is the final character in the play, he warns us that if our â€Å"deeds are small before God there will be no help, there are no amends after death even mercy and pity will forsake us† (Anonymous). The Doctor reminds everyone that good deeds and living a pure and virtuous life should be our focus during our earthly walk and that Beauty, Strength, Discretion, and Five Wits will forsake us all in the end. The scholarly Doctor advises us that if our â€Å"deeds are small before God there will be no help, there are no amends after death even mercy and pity will forsake us† (Anonymous). â€Å"The medieval morality play Everyman, personifying such abstractions as Fellowship and Good Deeds, recounts the death journey of Everyman† (Allegory, 2010). The author makes it clear that nothing is as important in life as death. It is also made clear that death inShow MoreRelatedEveryman-a Medieval Play Review2976 Words   |  12 PagesA Review of â€Å"The Summoning of Everyman† Summary Everyman is a play which was written to express the importance of morality, to whoever read it or experienced it being performed on stage. Some scholars say that it was written sometime in the late 1400’s, while others insist that it is a translation of a Flemish work called â€Å"Elckerlijc†, which was written by Peter van Diest in 1495. Everyman is an allegory play which is heavily based upon ChristianRead MoreEveryman Is An English Morality Play By An Unknown Author1493 Words   |  6 Pagesas â€Å"The Summoning of Everyman†, â€Å"Everyman† was writing sometime during the late 1400s. â€Å"Everyman† is an English morality play by an unknown author. This play first appeared in England in the 16th century. â€Å"Everyman† can be considered as a play of transience because it shows a protagonist who is during the whole play. It also illustrates the way Christians are expected to live and the endeavors that should be made in order for their lives to be saved. The morality play â€Å"Everyman† is about a man whoRead MoreEveryman688 Words   |  3 PagesAuthor’s Perception of Death â€Å"The medieval morality play Everyman, personifying such abstractions as Fellowship and Good Deeds, recounts the death journey of Everyman† (Allegory, 2010). The author uses symbolic names for characters to emphasize the moral of the play. â€Å"The characters in an allegory often have no individual personality, but are embodiments of moral qualities and other abstractions† (Allegory, 2010) The author sees death as important as life, especially when death comes to makesRead MoreEveryman1653 Words   |  7 PagesEveryman Liberty University Online English 102 i. Thesis/ Introduction ii. Summary of Characters and what they add to the play a. Messenger b. God c. Death d. Everyman e. Fellowship f. Kindred g. Cousin h. Goods i. Good Deeds j. Knowledge k. Confession l. Beauty m. Strength n. Discretion o. Five Wits (Senses) p. Angel q. Doctor iii. Perspective of Death rRead MoreEveryman: The play1213 Words   |  5 Pagesthe play Everyman, death is embodied as a representative of God that visits the plays central character, Everyman. Death takes hold of the readers’ interests because it is such a profound word. It is a burdened, aggressive, penetrating word that replicates an actuality that every human will have to come to accept. Death is an adversary in the play that signifies physical death. The author recognizes the consequences of death and uses that knowledge to bring in the reader. In Everyman, the authorRead MoreThe Somonyng of Everyman 1244 Words   |  5 PagesEveryman is a morality play revolving around life, death, good and bad deeds. Everyman, Death and God are the main characters used in the play, in order to bring out the plot of the story. The play uses allegorical characters in order to address Christian salvation, and ways of achieving salvation. The play argues that both good and evil deeds of a person will count, when God makes the final decision on death of a person. The perception and treatment of death plays a vital role in developing theRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Everyman, The Summoning Of Everyman1378 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction and Thesis Statement The full title of â€Å"Everyman† is â€Å"the summoning of Everyman†. It is a morality play known by many people because every character involved in the play is imperative for the plot as well as the morality interpretation. However, Death takes most of critical role (Goldhamer, 1973). Everyman is the main character but without Death, the play would lack its illuminative and illustrative nature. Nonetheless, the author depicts Death as the messenger of God, cruel judge asRead MoreEveryman1579 Words   |  7 PagesA RESPONSE TO ATHEISM PHIL 201 D44 LUO August 18, 2011 A Response to Atheism In reading McCloskey’s article it’s obvious he is searching for definitive proof that God exists. He is unable to find proof and therefore comes to the conclusion that God must not exist. He believes that the existence of evil discredits arguments made in support of believing in God. There is not one single thing in this world that we can know definitively without looking at the evidence. You have to look atRead More Everyman Essay635 Words   |  3 PagesEveryman â€Å"Everyman certainly fits the mold of a typical medieval mystery play. Ominously, the play begins with God perceiving how all creatures be to [Him] unkind. Men, it seems, commit the Seven Deadly Sins far too regularly, and their only concern seems to be their own pleasure. Angered by this casual manner humans have adopted toward Him, God decides a reckoning is in order. He summons his mighty messenger Death, eerily and effectively personified for the audience members. GodRead MoreEveryman Essay637 Words   |  3 PagesThe play Everyman is a perfect representation of public literature from the Renaissance period. The anonymous author reveals through the morality play that everyman should be prepared for judgment at any time because, Suddenly, [Death] come[s]. (Scene 1, Line 81) This, as with all allegorical works of that period, was constructed under the direction of the Roman Catholic Church to strike fear in to the hearts of men and, in doing so, have power over them. The church succeeded by censoring all

The Life of Oscar Wilde Essay - 1523 Words

The Life of Oscar Wilde The year is 1884 and many things have taken place in the life of our literary giant, Oscar Wilde has been married years and his touring of the United States and other countries have shown his of success in his writing all over the literary world. Some of his most recent writtings are The Picture of Dorian Gray(1891), A Woman of No Importance(1894) and his most resent essay known as The Decay of Lying is Oscar’s story of his outrage about the current style of writing that is going into the art society. What has happened to the spectacularness of this art, it has come down to being as horrid as what is being published in the local newspapers. Is it true that The Decay of Lying has fallen to its deepest†¦show more content†¦It was Wilde’s notion that there was much lacking in the literary works of the day, a cry from the masses that is was necessary to receive an answer, Wilde answered that call in the form of an essay, it was called The Decay of Lying. This particular essay is one that he felt that was needed to be written to wake up call to the present day writers about their failings to keep art as it is Art. There needs to be a clear explanation of what the definition of lying means and in what context. Random House - Websters College Dictionary defines a lie as the following: lie: verb, lied, lying - a false statement made with deliberate intent to deceive; a falsehood. Wildes intention of his creative writing is to be used as a outlet to escape from the Realism of life, which definition is to emphasizes the importance the ordinary, the lay person and the simplisticness of lives varied situations. It seem that the artists, have been rejecting the notion of stories based on the heroic, the aristocratic and firmly embraced the common man and the middle class. Why do we feel the need to dig deeper into the and read more about life? It seems that we have not learned anything in the centuries that have past. Wilde stated that the art of writing by some of the best know writers has boiled down to speaking of the everyday housekeeper and their daily routine. This is type of work is labeledShow MoreRelatedOscar Wilde s Life And Accomplishments1949 Words   |  8 PagesOn the 16th of October 1854, Oscar Wilde was born to father William Wilde and Mother Jane Elgee (Biography.com). I can say with the utmost conviction that he grew up not only to be a good man but a great one. Oscar was one of the brightest minds of his time. Frequently he tested the boundaries of what was acceptable in polite society. He would burn a mark into our society that continued to glow white hot long after his death on November 30, 1900. Wilde left an incredible legacy behind, because ofRead MoreOscar Wilde s Life And Accomplishments2070 Words   |  9 PagesDublin, Ireland during in the midst of the Victorian Age, Wilde s parents never expected that their son was going to be considered one of the greatest novelists, essayists, poets, and playwrights that Ireland had ever seen. From a young age, Oscar Wilde was constantly immersed in a sea of literature and poetry, having his parents read to him every Irish children s book they could find. His fervor for literature persisted throughout his entire life. He received the highest undergraduate literary honorRead MoreThe Secret Life Of Saeed : The Pessoptimist And Oscar Wilde1841 Words   |  8 PagesIn Emile Habi by’s The Secret Life of Saeed: the Pessoptimist and Oscar Wilde’s The Importance of Being Earnest the idea that names actually mean what they say saves these two works from becoming tragedies because it gives The Importance of Being Earnest a comedic plot, the names in The Secret Life of Saeed: the Pessoptimist represent present choices for Saeed, and the characters in both works inhabit worlds that do not reject the notion that names have meaning. The meaning of names is incrediblyRead MoreAnalysis Of Oscar Wilde s Life1267 Words   |  6 PagesOscar Wilde, a famous novelist, once said that â€Å"most people are other people. Their thoughts are someone else’s opinions, their lives a mimicry, their passions a quotation†. He never believed that anyone had a trait that was completely unique, but we are taking bits and pieces of others to form our own identity. The people we take these bits and pieces are our particular and generalized others and they influ ence who we become and who we are now. Our identity and the person we develop into are stronglyRead More The Double Life in The Importance of Being Earnest by Oscar Wilde1347 Words   |  6 PagesThe Double Life in The Importance of Being Earnest by Oscar Wilde The Importance of Being Earnest appears to be a conventional 19th century farce. False identities, prohibited engagements, domineering mothers, lost children are typical of almost every farce. However, this is only on the surface in Wildes play. His parody works at two levels- on the one hand he ridicules the manners of the high society and on the other he satirises the human condition in general. 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Building Professional Capacity for Prosperity- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theBuilding Professional Capacity for Prosperityand modification. Answer: Introduction Self-reflection is a part and parcel of professional practice that helps in improvement, prosperity, modification, adjustment and experience development for once own profession (Yoder-Wise, 2014). This work is one such self-reflection study using 5Rs Reflection Framework (Reporting, Responding, Relating, Reasoning and Reconstructing) to understand the issue of workplace violence in personal professional nursing practice. This self-reflection study is workable to understand the key aspects of workplace violence issue in nursing as well as develop professional strategies to address this issue in future nursing practice. Reflection Reporting Workplace violence by the patient is a human psychological disturbance that can lead to dangerous consequences for nursing carers dealing with such patient (Etienne, 2014). As a GRN this reporting describes a personal encounter with workplace violence. The emergency department was in worst position due to full occupancy. While practicing it was observed that all the healthcare professionals, as well as patients, were in stressed condition. A patient (Mr. X) arrived complaining about high blood pressure and severe chest pain. This patient was also complaining about shortness of breath indicating emergency requirement. As a part of professional practice, it was required to find a room to attend this patient as his condition indicated a serious problem. The emergency department was full of the rush; it was difficult to find immediate vacant room. However, one room was managed, the patient was put on a stretcher and taken inside the room. The medical process started with putting oxygen monitor, blood pressure cuff and cardiac leads. The patient was continuously demanding to call his wife but as per professional practice norms, it was requested that patient should keep calm and give his blood pressure further he can call his wife. As the process of taking blood pressure started, patient lost control over his mind and just punched on the face. The punch was so violent that the body moved against the supplies holding cart. However, as a part of professional practice and emergency requirement, it was required to still attend the patient. Ignoring the previous act, the blood pressure was taken and patients wife was informed about his condition. After this further medical assessments were performed where patient lost his temper number of times until doctor arrived at the room. The patient lost his level of control and tried to hit many times with vigorous intention during this assessment. The scars on face and body were visible with naked eyes. Complain was filled for this patient to take appropriate action against him. Responding Workplace violence is an uncertain psychological disturbance developed by feelings like anger, fear, anxiety, depression etc. In general, this incidence can happen with anyone. Workplace violence against healthcare workers holds almost quarter of total workplace violence events (Taylor Rew, 2011). Littlejohn (2012) studied that 40% of nursing professionals are victim of workplace violence in Australia and 79% experience aggression by patients. In 90% of workplace violence cases, attackers on nurses are the patients, their families or friends. According to Speroni et al. (2014) studies workplace violence is an intentional or unintentional physical, mental or psychological damaged caused in the forms like harassment, disruptive behaviour, threatening, bullying, intimidation and physical violence. This can involve any person at work site that can be client, customer, worker, employee or visitor. In the present case, ED patient irrespective of any personal issue performed an act of physical violence with the involved nurse. As per personal opinion and observation, this act can be considered as a rude and disruptive behavior by the patient harming the identity and dignity of care nurse. Such incidences make the nursing profession a challenging and risky profession (Esmaeilpour, Salsali Ahmadi, 2011). In support of this statement, Becher Visovsky (2012) opines that nurses are ever in front-line violence in hospitals because they are the first person to encounter patient. As per personal observation, in the present case-patient was emotionally disturbed with sudden health issues that indicate a heart attack or disease. Therefore, he needed a family support before getting involved in any kind of treatment or diagnosis. This patient was surely not aware of the initial test that is very essential to be performed in this case. This can be considered as the only reason for this disruptive behaviour of the patient. However, still, the act of physical violence is an unacceptable phenomenon for any professional especially nurses working as a care provider for people. A feeling of disrespect and affront arrived in personal perception for this act of physical misbehaviour by the patient. Magnavita Heponiemi (2011) indicated that over-demanding workloads and lack of workplace autonomy are the reasons that lead to nurses exposure to workplace violence. This similar phenomenon is observed in this case because in the emergency department lack of care providers created immense workload leading to stressful condition. Further, working as a graduate nursing student there was lack of control over situation due to lacking nurses autonomy. Lastly, workplace violence can never be understood because it is an act of human psychological disturbance and it can happen to anyone but due to unknown reason, this issue is very prominent with healthcare providers especially nurses. Instead of considering nurses with respect and dignity for providing care and support, patient treat them as slaves with their inhuman behaviour like workplace violence (Magnavita, 2014). Relating In the present case, as a professional being a graduate registered nurse even after the incidence of workplace violence this patient was attended to ensure his safety and health condition. This indicates that at some place or the other professionals are now adapted to consider workplace violence as a part of their care profession because in nursing care professional deal with people (not things). These people are either physically or mentally disturbed; therefore workplace violence is an accepted phenomenon to some extent. Edward et al. (2014) studied about a theory of adaptation, as per this theory, nurses have developed an understanding towards workplace violence in their profession. Nurses use cognitive processes for finding meaning, gaining mastery and enhancing the self for work-place violence. However, in contrast, Park, Cho Hong (2015) indicate workplace violence as one of the most complicated and hazardous issues in the healthcare system. Healthcare culture is to heal, recover and strengthen the inner and outer spirit of the human body. Any kind of dangerous activity harming the physical and mental health of the person can never be considered as a part of the job. This theory completely rejects the phenomenon of adaptation. Workplace violence is an emerging hazard for the healthcare system that requires clear and appropriate interventions to stop workplace violence. As per Australian Government figures, code blacks are the incidences where hospital staff safety in under risk. In the year, 2015-16 there were 4,765 code blacks that have increased to 6,245 code blacks in 2016-17. The 90% of code black happen in the emergency department. Farrell Shafiei (2012) indicated that work overload is a major reason that leads to abusive treatment of nurses by the patient and their family member. A per one research by Australian Catholic University 269 aged care provider nurses out of 300 reported about physical violence by the patient or their family member in workload shifts whereas less than 100 reported physical violence in normal working hours. As per this research finding, the arousal of tension due to workload leads dissatisfaction in the patient and their family that creates workplace violence. In the present situation, huge rush in the emergency department indicates a similar workload situation that created mismanagement and dissatisfaction among pa tient leading to workplace abuse conducted on GRN. Reasoning As per Kowalenko et al. (2012) studies, there are various factors that motivate and contribute to emotional and psychological vengeance like workplace violence. Some of them are poor management practice, unhealthy working environment, lack of awareness, insensitive hold over workplace diversity, perpetrators revenge and spontaneous reaction to harassment. Further, adding to this, lack of workplace training and support system is another reason contributing to issues like workplace violence. In the present situation also, as a graduate nurse, lacking workplace training and unavailability of proper support system can be considered as reasons or factors that made nurse unable to handle the physical violence incidence. As a graduate RN working as a trainee a very less knowledge to handle workplace violence was known. Further, it was the first experience as a trainee; therefore, the process to handle the situation was unknown. The only point in perception was to provide proper care to the emergency patient, as his condition was severe and sensitive. Further, the workload was another factor that created a situation of miscommunication with the patient. Mitchell, Ahmed Szabo (2014) indicated that shortage of nurses especially in the emergency situation is a major defect in the Australian healthcare system. As per statistics shortage is increasing at the rate of 0.5% every year in the country. This is another indirect factor that has created pressurized workload in the present case. Being a graduate nurse, lack of knowledge and experience added an advantage to this workplace violence. Hence, these are some of the factors that created workplace violence in this case. However, these are some of the most common causes of workplace violence in healthcare system (AbuAlRub Al-Asmar, 2014). Reconstructing By analyzing the above case it is clear that workplace violence remains a serious issue in healthcare management system and nurses or first line care providers are the major victims of this issue. In the present situation, factors like emergency rush, psychological disturbance in patient attitude, lack of nurses and lacking professional experience contributed to workplace violence matter. But, as a healthcare professional it can be assumed that such encounter with workplace violence shall remain common in future practice as well. Therefore, As a GRN, the first encounter with workplace violence can be considered as a lesson to restructure future plans and add certain requirements to personal professional nursing practice. Some of the initial strategies that can be adopted to restructure nursing practice and deal with workplace violence involve attending workplace violence prevention program, learning from workplace violence prevention resources and self-defense classes (Gillespie et a l. 2010). There are work place violence prevention programs developed to ensure the safety of healthcare workers by the public as well as private safety departments of the country. Piquero et al. (2013) indicated that these WPV prevention programs are meant to let people understand consequences, nature of violence, risk factors, prevention strategies and post-event responses. By getting involved in these programs any professional can recognize warning signs of workplace violence prior to the event. They can also perform communications, teamwork to prevent such event and manage post-violence consequences. As a graduate registered nurse getting involved in WPV prevention program will help to gain experience in handling such unexpected situations in future. These WPV programs are out of the box courses that nursing professionals should take because they are mostly the victims of workplace violence. Another futuristic goal to deal with workplace violence includes learning from workplace violence prevention resources that help to develop awareness and management of the vulnerable situation. Chen, Ku Yang (2013) indicated that government of Australia and other countries have now established their Health Education and Training Centres that provide guidelines, rules, books and other resources that educate and provide training to professionals for dealing with issues like workplace violence. These resources work as the theoretical source to gain deep knowledge on psychology, practically and circumstances of workplace violence. Further, policies, procedures, regulations etc. help professional in understanding the action they need to take in the phase of being a victim or vulnerable to workplace violence. Another futuristic goal after being victim to workplace violence as a GRN is to ensure self-defence by taking self-defence classes because violence can be dangerous and harmful to health depending on the seriousness of vulnerability (Campbell et al. 2011). Therefore, before getting involved as a regular professional registered nurse one need to ensure personal safety. Self-defence classes will prepare oneself to ensure personal security and protection even in a complicated situation. Every nurse or any other professional should at least learn one self-defence skill to confront workplace violence (Albashtawy, 2013). With these futuristic goals, a planned and secure nursing professional attitude can be developed that will surely help to tackle any kind of workplace violence situation in the nursing profession. Conclusion The above self-reflection study on workplace violence issue using 5Rs framework can be considered as a very useful work to deeply understand the personal professional nursing practice on one specific issue. A detailed explanation on the issue or situation of workplace violence indicates certain loopholes that require correction for future practice. Such self-reflection can work to further understand and enhance professional practice not only in terms of one single issue but other situations or issues that impact nursing profession. References Books Yoder-Wise, P. S. (2014).Leading and Managing in Nursing-E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences. Journals AbuAlRub, R. F., Al-Asmar, A. H. (2014). Psychological violence in the workplace among Jordanian hospital nurses.Journal of Transcultural Nursing,25(1), 6-14. Albashtawy, M. (2013). Workplace violence against nurses in emergency departments in Jordan.International nursing review,60(4), 550-555. Becher, J., Visovsky, C. (2012). 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